Simple Present

Present Simple Tense

I sing (yo canto)

 How do we make the Present Simple Tense?

(fórmula para hacer oraciones en presente simple; observen el cuadro)

El verbo principal		es		like
form		subject		auxiliary verb						main verb
+		I, you, we, they								like	coffee.
		He, she, it								likes	coffee.
-		I, you, we, they		do					not	like	coffee.
		He, she, it		does					not	like	coffee.
?		Do		I, you, we, they						like	coffee?
		Does		he, she, it						like	coffee?

Deben tener en cuenta que:

1.      En las oraciones afirmativas no usamos el auxiliar (do, does)

2.      Con las terceras personas del singular (he, she, it) agregamos S al verbo principal.

3.      El auxiliar (do, does) lo usamos en oraciones negativas e interrogativas; usamos does con las terceras personas del singular (he,she. It) y do con las demás (I, you, we, they).

4.      Con el verbo to be , no usamos auxiliar ni en las oraciones interrogativas ni en las negativas .

Observen este cuadro de ejemplo con el verbo to be como verbo principal (estúdienlo)

form	subject	main verb
+	I	am		French.
	You, we, they	are		French.
	He, she, it	is		French.
-	I	am	not	old.
	You, we, they	are	not	old.
	He, she, it	is	not	old.
?	Am	I		late?
	Are	you, we, they		late?
	Is	he, she, it		late?

When do we use the Present Simple Tense? (¿cuando usamos el presente simple?)

• When the action is general
• When the action happens all the time, or habitually, in the past, present and future
• When the action is not only happening now
• When the statement is always true

( cuando hablamos de acciones que hacemos a diario o suceden habitualmente)

John drives a taxi.
past	present	future
It is John's job to drive a taxi. He does it every day. Past, present and future.

Look at these examples: (miren los ejemplos)

• I live in New York.  (yo vivo en Nueva York)
• The Moon goes round the Earth. ( La Luna gira alrededor de la Tierra)
• John drives a taxi. (John maneja un taxi)

Traduzca estos ejemplos.

• He does not drive a bus.
• We meet every Thursday.
• We do not work at night.
• Do you play football?

Frequency Adverbs we use with the Present Simple (Adverbios de frecuencia que usamos con el presente simple)

 Notice that the adverb comes before the main verb in the sentence. (observen que el adverbio va antes del verbo principal en cada oración )

Always (Siempre):  I always read before I go to bed.  (Siempre leo antes de acostarme)

Busca el significado de cada adverbio, traduce los ejemplos y estúdialos; en clase aclaramos inquietudes.

Often:  Her sister often comes shopping with us.

Frequently: Michael frequently visits his family.

Sometimes: You sometimes go to the gym, don’t you?

Occasionally:  It occasionally rains in summer.

Seldom:  They seldom ask for help.

Rarely:  He rarely goes out without his backpack.

Hardly ever:  I hardly ever eat pizza.

Never:  Japanese people never wear shoes inside.

Present Continuous

(fórmula para hacer oraciones en presente continuo; observen el cuadro)

subject	+	auxiliary verb	+	main verb
		be		base + ing

form	subject	auxiliary verb		main verb
+	I	am		speaking	to you.
+	You	are		reading	this.
-	She	is	not	staying	in London.
-	We	are	not	playing	football.
?	Is	he		watching	TV?
?	Are	they		waiting	for John?

How do we use the Present Continuous Tense? (¿Cómo usamos el presente continuo?

We use the present continuous tense to talk about actions happening now. (usamos el presente continuo para hablar de acciones que están sucediendo ahora)

Examples:

I am playing tennis  ( Yo estoy jugando tennis)

You are playing tennis

We are playing tennis

He/she/it is playing tennis

Time Expressions we use with the Present Continuous. (Expresiones de tiempo que usamos con el presente continuo).

With the present continuous we use these time expressions:

Notice that the time expression can come at the start or at the end of the sentence. (observa que la expresión de  tiempo puede ir al principio o al final de la oración) 

Busca el significado de cada expresión de tiempo, traduce los ejemplos y estúdialos; en clase aclaramos inquietudes.

At the moment:  I’m watching TV, at the moment.

These days:  Paul’s living in Cardiff, these days.

Now:  What are you doing, now?

Nowadays: I think you are smoking too much, nowadays.

Complete these sentences below using either the present simple or present continuous. (complete las oraciones usando sea el presente simple o el presente continuo)

1.      (Play) I __________ golf every weekend.

2.      (Play) The children___________ outside at the moment.

3.      (Work) Haruka_____________ today.

4.      (Work) You can’t borrow my lawnmower because it doesn’t _______.

5.      (Make) Smells good! What are you _______________.

6.      (Make) My husband never ____________ me breakfast.

7.      (Live) Pauline is ____________ in Hong Kong.

8.      (Live)Do you still __________ with your parents?